Research Papers:
Impact of systemic targeted agents on the clinical outcomes of patients with brain metastases
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Abstract
Adam G. Johnson1, Jimmy Ruiz2,3, Ryan Hughes1, Brandi R. Page1, Scott Isom4, John T. Lucas1, Emory R. McTyre1, Kristin W. Houseknecht1, Diandra N. Ayala-Peacock1, Daniel J. Bourland1, William H. Hinson1, Adrian W. Laxton5, Stephen B. Tatter5, Waldemar Debinski6, Kounosuke Watabe7, Michael D. Chan1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
2Department of Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
3W.G. (Bill) Hefner Veteran Administration Medical Center, Cancer Center, Salisbury, NC, USA
4Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
5Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
6Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
7Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Correspondence to:
Adam G. Johnson, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: targeted agents, stereotactic radiosurgery, brain metastases, chemotherapy
Received: January 29, 2015 Accepted: May 18, 2015 Published: June 01, 2015
ABSTRACT
Background: To determine the clinical benefits of systemic targeted agents across multiple histologies after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases.
Methods: Between 2000 and 2013, 737 patients underwent upfront SRS for brain metastases. Patients were stratified by whether or not they received targeted agents with SRS. 167 (23%) received targeted agents compared to 570 (77%) that received other available treatment options. Time to event data were summarized using Kaplan-Meier plots, and the log rank test was used to determine statistical differences between groups.
Results: Patients who received SRS with targeted agents vs those that did not had improved overall survival (65% vs. 30% at 12 months, p < 0.0001), improved freedom from local failure (94% vs 90% at 12 months, p = 0.06), improved distant failure-free survival (32% vs. 18% at 12 months, p = 0.0001) and improved freedom from whole brain radiation (88% vs. 77% at 12 months, p = 0.03). Improvement in freedom from local failure was driven by improvements seen in breast cancer (100% vs 92% at 12 months, p < 0.01), and renal cell cancer (100% vs 88%, p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis revealed that use of targeted agents improved all cause mortality (HR = 0.6, p < 0.0001).
Conclusions: Targeted agent use with SRS appears to improve survival and intracranial outcomes.
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