Research Papers: Gerotarget (Focus on Aging):
Protease activated receptor-1 regulates macrophage-mediated cellular senescence: a risk for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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Abstract
Cong Lin1, Farhad Rezaee1,2, Maaike Waasdorp1, Kun Shi1, Tom van der Poll1, Keren Borensztajn1,3,4,* and C. Arnold Spek1,*
1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2 Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
3 Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
4 Département Hospitalo-universtaire FIRE and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France
* These authors have contributed equally to this work
Correspondence to:
Farhad Rezaee, email:
Cong Lin, email:
Keywords: protease-activated receptor, pulmonary fibrosis, bleomycin, macrophages, cellular senescence, TGF-β, Gerotarget
Received: August 12, 2015 Accepted: September 24, 2015 Published: October 12, 2015
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a destructive disease in part resulting from premature or mature cellular aging. Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) recently emerged as a critical component in the context of fibrotic lung diseases. Therefore, we aimed to study the role of macrophages in PAR-1-mediated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The number of macrophages were significantly reduced in lungs of PAR-1 antagonist (P1pal-12) treated animals upon bleomycin instillation. In line with these data, PAR-1 stimulation increased monocyte / macrophage recruitment in response to epithelium injury in in vitro trans-well assays. Moreover, macrophages induced fibroblasts migration, differentiation and secretion of collagen, which were inhibited in the presence of TGF-β receptor inhibitors. Interestingly, these profibrotic effects were partially inhibited by treatment with the PAR-1 inhibitor P1pal-12. Using shRNA mediated PAR-1 knock down in fibroblasts, we demonstrate that fibroblast PAR-1 contributes to TGF-β activation and production. Finally, we show that the macrophage-dependent induction of PAR-1 driven TGF-β activation was mediated by FXa. Our data identify novel mechanisms by which PAR-1 stimulation on different cell types can contribute to IPF and identify macrophages as key players in PAR-1 dependent development of this devastating disease. IPF may result from cellular senescence mediated by macrophages in the lung.
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