Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging histogram analysis in HIV positive and negative patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma as a predictor of outcome and tumor proliferation

Bilal Khan _, Insun Chong, Quinn Ostrom, Sara Ahmed, Dima Dandachi, Aikaterini Kotrotsou, Rivka Colen and Fanny Morón

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Oncotarget. 2020; 11:4093-4103. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27800

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Abstract

Bilal Khan1, Insun Chong1, Quinn Ostrom2, Sara Ahmed3, Dima Dandachi5, Aikaterini Kotrotsou3,4, Rivka Colen6 and Fanny Morón1

1 Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

2 Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

3 Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

4 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

5 Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

6 Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Correspondence to:

Bilal Khan,email: [email protected]

Keywords: primary CNS lymphoma; lymphoma; MRI; diffusion weighted; HIV

Received: July 16, 2020     Accepted: October 17, 2020     Published: November 10, 2020

Copyright: © 2020 Khan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Ki-67 expression, a marker of tumor proliferation, is considered a prognostic factor in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) parameters have also been proposed as imaging biomarkers for tumor progression and proliferative activity in various malignancies. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between ADC parameters, Ki-67 expression, overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) in PCNSL.

Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with PCNSL at MD Anderson Cancer Center between Mar 2000 and Jul 2016 and at Ben Taub Hospital between Jan 2012 and Dec 2016 were retrospectively studied. Co-registered ADC maps and post-contrast images underwent whole tumor segmentation. Normalized ADC parameters (nADC) were calculated as the ratio to normal white matter. Percentiles of nADC were calculated and were correlated with Ki-67 using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and clinical outcomes (OS and PFS) using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: Selection criteria yielded 90 patients, 23 patients living with HIV (PLWH) and 67 immunocompetent patients. Above median values for nADCmean, nADC15, nADC75 and nADC95 were associated with improved OS in all patients (p < 0.05). Above median values for nADCmin, nADCmean, nADC1, nADC5 and kurtosis were associated with improved PFS in all patients (p < 0.05). In patients with available Ki-67 expression data (n = 22), nADCmean, nADC15 and nADC75 inversely correlated with Ki-67 expression (p < 0.05). For PLWH, there was no correlation between ADC parameters and Ki-67 expression or clinical outcomes.

Conclusions: ADC histogram analysis can predict tumor proliferation and survival in immunocompetent patients with PCNSL, but with limited utility in PLWH.


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