Volume 11, Number 16 of @Oncotarget reported that multiple survival analyses were done, using the Cox proportional hazards model, to evaluate interactions between mi RNA expression, metastasis, and OS. Of the 22 mi RNAs differentially expressed with respect to metastasis, 21 were significantly associated with OS. The expression of multiple mi RNAs was significantly associated with metastasis and overall survival in patients with UM.
Dr. John J. Wallbillich from The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine and The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at The Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University in Augusta, Georgia, USA as well as The Department of Oncology at Wayne State University College of Medicine in Detroit Michigan, USA said, "Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular cancer occurring in adults"
"Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular cancer occurring in adults"
- Dr. John J. Wallbillich, The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine and The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at The Medical College of Georgia & The Department of Oncology at Wayne State University College of Medicine
For patients with metastatic UM, the 1-year survival rate is 20%, the 5-year survival rate is less than 5%, and the median overall survival is only 6 12 months.
Mi RNAs are small, non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length.
Mi RNAs typically regulate gene expression by altering mRNA stability or repressing the translation of mRNA to protein.
Figure 1: Survival and miRNA expression differences between patients who ever vs. never developed metastatic UM. (A) Kaplan-Meier survival curves showing a major difference in OS (HR = 15.24; p-value = 2.42 × 10−4) for UM patients with (n = 30) vs. without (n = 50) metastasis. (B) Volcano plot depicting differentially expressed miRNAs. The expression level of 1,598 miRNAs was compared between UM patients with metastasis (n = 30) and without metastasis (n = 50). In total, we discovered 76 significantly dysregulated miRNAs in metastatic patients, including 24 upregulated (red) and 52 downregulated (blue).
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify mi RNAs associated with UM metastasis and overall patient survival.
The Wallbillich Research Team concluded in their Oncotarget Research Paper, "this study identified, in primary-site tumor samples, altered miRNA expression patterns associated with ever-development of metastasis in patients with uveal melanoma. We found several known tumor suppressor miRNAs to be downregulated in UM patients with metastasis. These results support the increasingly accepted concept that miRNAs play a major role in metastasis. Our finding of 95% overlap between (a) miRNAs associated with UM metastasis and (b) miRNAs associated with poor survival in patients with UM warrants further investigation those overlapping miRNAs. Future evaluation of the 21 overlapping miRNA as prognostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets may be a step toward improved outcomes for those with metastatic UM, a patient population that suffers from high mortality and a lack of effective treatment options."
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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27559
Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27559/text/
Correspondence to - John J. Wallbillich - [email protected]
Keywords - uveal melanoma, metastasis, survival, microRNA, biomarker
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