Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Molecular stratification of metastatic melanoma using gene expression profiling : Prediction of survival outcome and benefit from molecular targeted therapy

Helena Cirenajwis, Henrik Ekedahl, Martin Lauss, Katja Harbst, Ana Carneiro, Jens Enoksson, Frida Rosengren, Linda Werner-Hartman, Therese Törngren, Anders Kvist, Erik Fredlund, Pär-Ola Bendahl, Karin Jirström, Lotta Lundgren, Jillian Howlin, Åke Borg, Sofia K. Gruvberger-Saal, Lao H. Saal, Kari Nielsen, Markus Ringnér, Hensin Tsao, Håkan Olsson, Christian Ingvar, Johan Staaf and Göran Jönsson _

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Oncotarget. 2015; 6:12297-12309. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.3655

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Abstract

Helena Cirenajwis1, Henrik Ekedahl2, Martin Lauss1, Katja Harbst1, Ana Carneiro1,3, Jens Enoksson4, Frida Rosengren1, Linda Werner-Hartman1, Therese Törngren1, Anders Kvist1, Erik Fredlund5, Pär-Ola Bendahl1, Karin Jirström4, Lotta Lundgren1,3, Jillian Howlin1, Åke Borg1, Sofia K. Gruvberger-Saal1, Lao H. Saal1, Kari Nielsen6, Markus Ringnér1, Hensin Tsao7,8, Håkan Olsson1,3, Christian Ingvar2, Johan Staaf1, Göran Jönsson1

1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Surgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

3 Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

4 Department of Clinical Pathology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

5 Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

6 Department of Dermatology, Helsingborg General Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden

7 Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA

8 Wellman Center for Photomedicine, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA

Correspondence to:

Göran Jönsson, email:

Keywords: gene expression, melanoma, BRAF, BRAF inhibitor, mutation

Received: January 09, 2015 Accepted: February 27, 2015 Published: March 26, 2015

Abstract

Melanoma is currently divided on a genetic level according to mutational status. However, this classification does not optimally predict prognosis. In prior studies, we have defined gene expression phenotypes (high-immune, pigmentation, proliferative and normal-like), which are predictive of survival outcome as well as informative of biology. Herein, we employed a population-based metastatic melanoma cohort and external cohorts to determine the prognostic and predictive significance of the gene expression phenotypes. We performed expression profiling on 214 cutaneous melanoma tumors and found an increased risk of developing distant metastases in the pigmentation (HR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.05-3.28; P=0.03) and proliferative (HR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.43-5.57; P=0.003) groups as compared to the high-immune response group. Further genetic characterization of melanomas using targeted deep-sequencing revealed similar mutational patterns across these phenotypes. We also used publicly available expression profiling data from melanoma patients treated with targeted or vaccine therapy in order to determine if our signatures predicted therapeutic response. In patients receiving targeted therapy, melanomas resistant to targeted therapy were enriched in the MITF-low proliferative subtype as compared to pre-treatment biopsies (P=0.02). In summary, the melanoma gene expression phenotypes are highly predictive of survival outcome and can further help to discriminate patients responding to targeted therapy.


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