Research Papers:
Expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma: a randomized, double-blind study
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Luana Mota Martins1, Carla Solange de Melo Escorcio Dourado1, Larysse Maira Campos-Verdes1, Fabiane Araújo Sampaio1, Camila Maria Simplício Revoredo1, Danylo Rafhael Costa-Silva1, Maria da Conceição Barros-Oliveira1, Elmo de Jesus Nery Junior1, Lucia Maria do Rego-Medeiros2, Luiz Henrique Gebrim1, Francisco Adelton Alves-Ribeiro1, Gilmara Péres Rodrigues1, Diego Cipriano Chagas1, Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro1 and Benedito Borges da Silva1,2
1 Postgraduate Program, Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Biotechnology in Health, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui 64000-020, Brazil
2 Facid / Wyden Differential Integral Medicine Faculty, Department of Mastology, Teresina, Piaui 64052-810, Brazill
Correspondence to:
| Benedito Borges da Silva, | email: | [email protected] |
Keywords: breast neoplasms; fibroadenoma; matrix metalloproteinase-2; matrix metalloproteinase-9; immunohistochemistry
Received: September 17, 2019 Accepted: November 06, 2019 Published: December 03, 2019
ABSTRACT
Background
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 may play an important role in cell proliferation and dissemination of cancer. However, few studies have compared the expression of these proteins between breast cancer and fibroadenoma.
Material and methods
A randomized, double-blind study was carried out in 66 premenopausal women, aged 20-49 years, who had been diagnosed with fibroadenoma or breast cancer. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A, control (fibroadenoma, n=36) and Group B, study (cancer, n=30). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using tissue samples of fibroadenoma and breast cancer to assess MMP-2 and MMP-9 antigen expression. Cells were considered positive if exhibiting brown cytoplasmic staining. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the percentage of cases with cells expressing MMP-2 and MMP-9 in control and study groups (p < 0.05).
Results
Light microscopy showed a higher concentration of cells with positive cytoplasmic staining for MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in breast cancer than in fibroadenoma. The percentage of cases with cells expressing MMP-2 in the control and study groups was 41.67% and 86.11%, respectively (p < 0.0009), whereas the percentage of cases with cells expressing MMP-9 in groups A and B was 66.67% and 93.33%, respectively (p<0.0138). MMP-2 and MMP-9 positive expression was significantly higher in moderately differentiated tumors compared to well and poorly differentiated tumors, p <0.005 and p<0.001, respectively.
Conclusions
The current study shows that MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression was significantly higher in the breast cancer than in the fibroadenoma and also in moderately differentiated breast cancer.