Oncotarget

Research Papers:

The multikinase inhibitor RXDX-105 is effective against neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo

Sean M. Flynn, Jacqueline Lesperance, Andrew Macias, Nikki Phanhthilath, Megan Rose Paul, Jong Wook Kim, Pablo Tamayo and Peter E. Zage _

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Oncotarget. 2019; 10:6323-6333. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27259

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Abstract

Sean M. Flynn1, Jacqueline Lesperance2, Andrew Macias2, Nikki Phanhthilath2, Megan Rose Paul2,3, Jong Wook Kim4, Pablo Tamayo4 and Peter E. Zage2,3,4

1 Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

2 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

3 Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA

4 Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Correspondence to:

Peter E. Zage,email: [email protected]

Keywords: neuroblastoma; RXDX-105; CEP-32496; RET; BRAF

Received: June 26, 2019     Accepted: September 10, 2019     Published: October 29, 2019

ABSTRACT

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer-related deaths. New therapies are needed to improve outcomes for children with high-risk and relapsed tumors. Inhibitors of the RET kinase and the RAS-MAPK pathway have previously been shown to be effective against neuroblastoma, suggesting that combined inhibition may have increased efficacy. RXDX-105 is a small molecule inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the RET and BRAF kinases. We found that treatment of neuroblastoma cells with RXDX-105 resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability and proliferation in vitro and in tumor growth and tumor vascularity in vivo. Treatment with RXDX-105 inhibited RET phosphorylation and phosphorylation of the MEK and ERK kinases in neuroblastoma cells and xenograft tumors, and RXDX-105 treatment induced both apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. RXDX-105 also showed enhanced efficacy in combination with 13-cis-retinoic acid, which is currently a component of maintenance therapy for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Our results demonstrate that RXDX-105 shows promise as a novel therapeutic agent for children with high-risk and relapsed neuroblastoma.


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