Reviews:
The emergence of trophoblast cellsurface antigen 2 TROP2 as a novel cancer target
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David M. Goldenberg1,2, Rhona Stein1 and Robert M. Sharkey1,3
1Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Belleville, NJ, USA
2IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA
3Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA
Correspondence to:
David M. Goldenberg, email: [email protected]
Keywords: TROP-2; TACSTD2; sacituzumab govitecan; antibody-drug conjugates; immunotherapy
Received: April 30, 2018 Accepted: May 31, 2018 Published: June 22, 2018
ABSTRACT
TROP-2 is a glycoprotein first described as a surface marker of trophoblast cells, but subsequently shown to be increased in many solid cancers, with lower expression in certain normal tissues. It regulates cancer growth, invasion and spread by several signaling pathways, and has a role in stem cell biology and other diseases. This review summarizes TROP-2’s properties, especially in cancer, and particularly its role as a target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) or immunotherapy. When the irinotecan metabolite, SN-38, is conjugated to a humanized anti-TROP-2 antibody (sacituzumab govitecan), it shows potent broad anticancer activity in human cancer xenografts and in patients with advanced triple-negative breast, non-small cell and small-cell lung, as well as urothelial cancers.