Research Papers:
RUNX1 and RUNX3 protect against YAP-mediated EMT, stem-ness and shorter survival outcomes in breast cancer
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Abstract
Madhura Kulkarni1,4, Tuan Zea Tan1, Nurfarhanah Bte Syed Sulaiman1, John M. Lamar2,5, Prashali Bansal1,6, Jianzhou Cui1, Yiting Qiao1 and Yoshiaki Ito1,3
1Cancer Science Institute, NUS, Singapore
2Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
3Yong Loo Lin Professor in Medical Oncology, NUS, Singapore
4Current address: Transnational Cancer Research Centre, Prashanti Cancer Care Mission and Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
5Current address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
6Current address: Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
Correspondence to:
Yoshiaki Ito, email: [email protected]
Keywords: RUNX1 and RUNX3; YAP; breast cancer; EMT; stem-ness
Received: July 26, 2017 Accepted: January 31, 2018 Epub: February 06, 2018 Published: March 06, 2018
ABSTRACT
Hippo pathway target, YAP has emerged as an important player in solid tumor progression. Here, we identify RUNX1 and RUNX3 as novel negative regulators of oncogenic function of YAP in the context of breast cancer. RUNX proteins are one of the first transcription factors identified to interact with YAP. RUNX1 or RUNX3 expression abrogates YAP-mediated pro-tumorigenic properties of mammary epithelial cell lines in an interaction dependent manner. RUNX1 and RUNX3 inhibit YAP-mediated migration and stem-ness properties of mammary epithelial cell lines by co-regulating YAP-mediated gene expression. Analysis of whole genome expression profiles of breast cancer samples revealed significant co-relation between YAP–RUNX1/RUNX3 expression levels and survival outcomes of breast cancer patients. High RUNX1/RUNX3 expression proved protective towards YAP-dependent patient survival outcomes. High YAP in breast cancer patients’ expression profiles co-related with EMT and stem-ness gene signature enrichment. High RUNX1/RUNX3 expression along with high YAP reflected lower enrichment of EMT and stem-ness signatures. This antagonistic activity of RUNX1 and RUNX3 towards oncogenic function of YAP identified in mammary epithelial cells as well as in breast cancer expression profiles gives a novel mechanistic insight into oncogene–tumor suppressor interplay in the context of breast cancer progression. The novel interplay between YAP, RUNX1 and RUNX3 and its significance in breast cancer progression can serve as a prognostic tool to predict cancer recurrence.
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