Research Papers:
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) increases the risk for progression to multiple myeloma: an observational study of 2935 MGUS patients
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Abstract
Normann Steiner1,*, Georg Göbel3,*, Patricia Suchecki1, Wolfgang Prokop4, Hannes Neuwirt2,* and Eberhard Gunsilius1,*
1Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology and Medical Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
2Department of Internal Medicine IV Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
3Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
4Central Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Innsbruck Medical University Hospital, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
*These authors have contributed equally to this work
Correspondence to:
Normann Steiner, email: [email protected]
Keywords: monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; MGUS; monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance; MGRS; multiple myeloma
Received: August 23, 2017 Accepted: December 05, 2017 Published: December 18, 2017
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a premalignancy preceding multiple myeloma (MM) or related disorders. In MGUS, renal impairment caused by deposition of the monoclonal immunoglobulins or free light-chains monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is often associated with high morbidity and mortality. We analysed the prevalence of renal impairment, clinical features and the long-term outcome in 2935 patients with MGUS.
Methods: Between 1/2000 and 8/2016, 2935 adult patients with MGUS were identified in our database.
Results: In 44/2935 (1.5%) patients MGRS was diagnosed. In MGRS patients, significantly more progressions to MM were observed than in MGUS patients (18% vs. 3%; P<0.001). MGRS patients showed a higher risk for progression (HR 3.3 [1.5-7.4]) in the Cox model. Median time to progression was 23 years for MGUS and 18.8 years for MGRS patients. Corresponding progression rate was 8.8 [7.2-10.7] per 1000 patient-years (py) for MGUS patients and 30.6 [15.3-61] for the MGRS group. Risk for progression within the first year after diagnosis was 1% [0.6-1.4] in the MGUS group and 10% [4-29] among MGRS patients.
Conclusion: The significantly higher risk for progression to MM means MGRS patients should be monitored carefully and treated in a specialized centre.
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