Research Papers:
Influenza vaccination might reduce the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: A population-based cohort study
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Abstract
Pai-Feng Kao1,6,*, Ju-Chi Liu1,6,*, Yi-Ping Hsu1, Li-Chin Sung1,6, Tsung-Yeh Yang1, Wen-Rui Hao1, Ying-Chin Lin2,3 and Szu-Yuan Wu4,5,6,7
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
2Department of Family Medicine, Shung Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
3Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
4Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
5Department of Radiation Oncology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
6Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
7Department of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
*These authors have contributed equally to this work
Correspondence to:
Szu-Yuan Wu, email: [email protected]
Keywords: influenza vaccination; atrial fibrillation; ischemic stroke
Received: June 11, 2017 Accepted: July 26, 2017 Published: November 09, 2017
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with the risk of ischemic stroke, regardless of the administration of appropriate antithrombotic prophylaxis. This study investigated whether influenza vaccination is associated with the risk of ischemic stroke, to determine a solution to reduce this risk in patients with AF.
Methods: We used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The study cohort comprised all patients diagnosed as having AF (n = 14 454) before January 1, 2005; these patients were followed until December 31, 2012. The index date was January 1, 2005. A propensity score was derived using a logistic regression model to estimate the effect of vaccination by accounting for covariates that predict receiving the intervention (vaccine). A Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of ischemic stroke in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with AF.
Results: We included 6570 patients (2547 [38.77%] with and 4023 [61.23%] without influenza vaccination). The adjusted HRs (aHRs) of ischemic stroke were lower in the vaccinated patients than in the unvaccinated patients (influenza season, noninfluenza season, and all seasons: aHRs = 0.59, 0.50, and 0.55; P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions: Influenza vaccination might exert a dose-response effect against ischemic stroke in patients with AF who have risk factors for ischemic stroke by reducing the incidence of ischemic stroke, particularly in those aged 65–74 and ≥75 y.
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