Research Papers:
Effects of growth hormone on cardiac remodeling and soleus muscle in rats with aortic stenosisinduced heart failure
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Aline R.R. Lima1,*, Luana U. Pagan1,*, Ricardo L. Damatto1,*, Marcelo D.M. Cezar1,*, Camila Bonomo1,*, Mariana J. Gomes1,*, Paula F. Martinez2,*, Daniele M. Guizoni1,*, Dijon H.S. Campos1,*, Felipe C. Damatto1,*, Katashi Okoshi1,* and Marina P. Okoshi1,*
1Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Departament, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
2School of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
*These authors take responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation
Correspondence to:
Marina P. Okoshi, email: [email protected]
Keywords: heart failure, skeletal muscle, growth hormone, muscle trophicity, satellite cells
Received: March 28, 2017 Accepted: July 29, 2017 Published: August 24, 2017
ABSTRACT
Background: Skeletal muscle wasting is often observed in heart failure (HF). The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis is impaired in HF. In this study, we evaluated the effects of GH on soleus muscle and cardiac remodeling in rats with aortic stenosis (AS)-induced HF.
Methods: AS was created by placing a stainless-steel clip on the ascending aorta. After clinically detecting HF, GH (2 mg/kg/day) was subcutaneously injected for 14 days (AS-GH group). Results were compared with those from Sham and non-treated AS groups. Transthoracic echocardiogram was performed before and after treatment. Protein expression was evaluated by Western blot and satellite cells activation by immunofluorescence. Statistical analyzes: ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls.
Results: Before treatment both AS groups presented a similar degree of cardiac injury. GH prevented body weight loss and attenuated systolic dysfunction. Soleus cross-sectional fiber areas were lower in both AS groups than Sham (Sham 3,556±447; AS 2,882±422; AS-GH 2,868±591 μm2; p=0.016). GH increased IGF-1 serum concentration (Sham 938±83; AS 866±116; AS-GH 1167±166 ng/mL; p<0.0001) and IGF-1 muscle protein expression and activated PI3K protein. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) immunofluorescence was increased in both AS groups. Catabolism-related intracellular pathways did not differ between groups.
Conclusion: Short-term growth hormone attenuates left ventricular systolic dysfunction in rats with aortic stenosis-induced HF. Despite preserving body weight, increasing serum and muscular IGF-1 levels, and stimulating PI3K muscle expression, GH does not modulate soleus muscle trophism, satellite cells activation or intracellular pathways associated with muscle catabolism.