Research Papers:
CBP501 suppresses macrophage induced cancer stem cell like features and metastases
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Abstract
Naoki Mine1, Sayaka Yamamoto1, Naoya Saito1, Takuji Sato1, Keiichi Sakakibara1, Donald W. Kufe2, Daniel D. VonHoff3 and Takumi Kawabe1
1CanBas Co., Ltd., Numazu, Japan
2Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
3Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Correspondence to:
Naoki Mine, email: [email protected]
Keywords: macrophage, tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cell, paracrine, juxtacrine
Received: February 07, 2017 Accepted: June 02, 2017 Published: July 17, 2017
ABSTRACT
CBP501 is an anti-cancer drug candidate which has been shown to increase cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (II) (CDDP) uptake into cancer cell through calmodulin (CaM) inhibition. However, the effects of CBP501 on the cells in the tumor microenvironment have not been addressed. Here, we investigated new aspects of the potential anti-tumor mechanism of action of CBP501 by examining its effects on the macrophages.
Macrophages contribute to cancer-related inflammation and sequential production of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α which cause various biological processes that promote tumor initiation, growth and metastasis (1). These processes include the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSC) formation, which are well-known, key events for metastasis.
The present work demonstrates that CBP501 suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α by macrophages. CBP501 also suppressed formation of the tumor spheroids by culturing with conditioned medium from the LPS-stimulated macrophage cell line RAW264.7. Moreover, CBP501 suppressed expression of ABCG2, a marker for CSCs, by inhibiting the interaction between cancer cells expressing VCAM-1 and macrophages expressing VLA-4. Consistently with these results, CBP501 in vivo suppressed metastases of a tumor cell line, 4T1, one which is insensitive to combination treatment of CBP501 and CDDP in vitro.
Taken together, these results offer potential new, unanticipated advantages of CBP501 treatment in anti-tumor therapy through a mechanism that entails the suppression of interactions between macrophages and cancer cells with suppression of sequential CSC-like cell formation in the tumor microenvironment.
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