Clinical Research Papers:
Interferon-α adjuvant therapy decreases the recurrence of early clear cell renal cell carcinoma and improves the prognosis of Chinese patients
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Abstract
Hang Yin1,*, Cheng-Gong Liao1,*, Jian-Guo Huang1, Yong-Qiang Wang1, Zheng Li1, Lu-Lu Fan1, Men-Long Qian1, Nao Wan1 and Ning Lu1
1Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi 830000, P.R. China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence to:
Ning Lu, email: [email protected]
Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma, interferon-α, immunotherapy, recurrence
Received: November 16, 2016 Accepted: June 02, 2017 Published: June 19, 2017
ABSTRACT
The survival time of patients with early clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is fairly long, but 20% to 30% of patients with localized tumors experience relapse, and the effect of IFN-α on survival has not been well studied in patients with early ccRCC. In this study, 208 patients with early ccRCC were treated with surgery, and 54 of the patients received IFN-α as adjuvant therapy. The remaining 115 patients were treated with surgery but not with IFN-α therapy. The primary endpoint was the recurrence rate, 20.37% (11/54) and 33.04% (38/115) in the IFN-α and surgery-only group, respectively. The secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), which was 123.70 (95% CI: 107.18–140.22) months for the IFN-α group, and 95.80 (95% CI: 82.18–109.42) months for the non-IFN-α group; this difference was significant (P < 0.05). The main side effects were pyrexia (61.11%), muscle pain (24.07%), malaise (9.26%), anorexia (5.56%), hepatic dysfunction (3.70%) and renal dysfunction (1.85%). Moreover, a multivariate regression identified older age, higher BMI index and smoking as significant and independent predictors of decreased PFS (P < 0.05). Overall, IFN-α therapy significantly improved PFS in Chinese patients with early ccRCC and was an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our study showed that adjuvant IFN-α therapy decreased the recurrence rate and prolonged PFS in patients with ccRCC. Thus, this treatment may help clinicians to select a better treatment modality and better predict survival in these patients.
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