Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Methylation of HPV and a tumor suppressor gene reveals anal cancer and precursor lesions

Attila T. Lorincz _, Mayura Nathan, Caroline Reuter, Rhian Warman, Mohamed A. Thaha, Michael Sheaff, Natasa Vasiljevic, Amar Ahmad, Jack Cuzick and Peter Sasieni

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Oncotarget. 2017; 8:50510-50520. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.17984

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Abstract

Attila T. Lorincz1, Mayura Nathan2, Caroline Reuter1, Rhian Warman1, Mohamed A. Thaha4,5, Michael Sheaff3, Natasa Vasiljevic1, Amar Ahmad1, Jack Cuzick1 and Peter Sasieni1

1Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK

2Homerton Anal Neoplasia Service, Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London E9 6SR, UK

3Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E1 2ES, UK

4National Bowel Research Centre, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK

5Barts Anal Neoplasia Centre, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Surgery and Cancer CAG, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, UK

Correspondence to:

Attila T. Lorincz, email: [email protected]

Keywords: anal cancer, intraepithelial neoplasia, DNA methylation, high-risk human papillomavirus, HPV genotyping

Received: February 10, 2017     Accepted: May 06, 2017     Published: May 18, 2017

ABSTRACT

We studied DNA methylation patterns of human papillomavirus (HPV) and tumor suppressor gene EPB41L3 in 148 anal and perianal biopsies to determine whether high levels of methylation would be associated with anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). The most prevalent HPV type was HPV16, detected in 54% of the 30 benign biopsies, 33% of the 43 low-grade AIN (lgAIN), 82% of the 59 high grade AIN (hgAIN) and 4 of the 5 anal cancers. A methylation score was developed (0.561*HPV16me+0.439*EPB41L3) which had increasing values with severity of disease: the mean was 8.1% in benign, 13.2% in lgAIN, 22.3% in hgAIN and 49.3% in cancers (p < 0.0001). The methylation score as a triage classifier at a cut-off of 8.8 gave a sensitivity of 90.6% (95% CI: 82.8, 96.9), specificity of 50.7% (95% CI: 39.7, 61.6) and area under the curve of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.75–0.89) for separating hgAIN and cancer from benign and lgAIN biopsies. We conclude that methylation of HPV16 and EPB41L3 show highly significant association with increasing severity of AIN and cancer and may be useful as biomarkers in anal disease.


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