PTPRD silencing by DNA hypermethylation decreases insulin receptor signaling and leads to type 2 diabetes

Yng-Tay Chen; Wei-De Lin; Wen-Lin Liao; Ying-Ju Lin; Jan-Gowth Chang; Fuu-Jen Tsai

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.4092

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Research Papers: Gerotarget (Focus on Aging):

PTPRD silencing by DNA hypermethylation decreases insulin receptor signaling and leads to type 2 diabetes

Yng-Tay Chen _, Wei-De Lin, Wen-Lin Liao, Ying-Ju Lin, Jan-Gowth Chang and Fuu-Jen Tsai

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Oncotarget. 2015; 6:12997-13005. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4092

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Abstract

Yng-Tay Chen1, Wei-De Lin1,2, Wen-Lin Liao3,4, Ying-Ju Lin1,5, Jan-Gowth Chang6,7,8, Fuu-Jen Tsai1,9,10,11

1Human Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

2School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

3Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

4Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

5Graduate Institute of China Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

6Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

7Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

8School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

9Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

10School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

11Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan

Correspondence to:

Fuu-Jen Tsai, e-mail: [email protected]

Keywords: DNA methylation, DNMT1, PTPRD, type 2 diabetes

Received: March 19, 2015 Accepted: May 11, 2015 Published: May 25, 2015

ABSTRACT

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data showed that the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type delta (PTPRD) is associated with increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Han Chinese. A replication study indicated that PTPRD is involved in the insulin signaling pathway; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We evaluated PTPRD expression in patients with T2D and controls. PTPRD expression levels were lower in patients and were correlated with the duration of the disease. Overexpression of the human insulin receptor PPARγ2 in HepG2 cells induced overexpression of PTPRD and the insulin receptor. PTPRD knockdown, using a shRNA, resulted in down-regulation of the insulin receptor. These results indicate that PTPRD activates PPARγ2 in the insulin signaling pathway. Similar results for PTPRD expression were found using a T2D mouse model. Silencing of PTPRD was caused by DNA methylation in T2D mice and patients, and correlated with DNMT1 expression. Furthermore, we showed that a DNMT1 SNP (rs78789647) was correlated with susceptibility to T2D. This study shows for the first time that DNMT1 caused PTPRD DNA hypermethylation and induced insulin signaling silencing in T2D patients. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the crucial roles of these regulatory elements in human T2D.

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Research Papers: Gerotarget (Focus on Aging):

PTPRD silencing by DNA hypermethylation decreases insulin receptor signaling and leads to type 2 diabetes

Abstract