Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Silencing PRDM14 expression by an innovative RNAi therapy inhibits stemness, tumorigenicity, and metastasis of breast cancer

Hiroaki Taniguchi, Daisuke Hoshino, Chiharu Moriya, Hitoshi Zembutsu, Nobuhiro Nishiyama, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Kazunori Kataoka and Kohzoh Imai _

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Oncotarget. 2017; 8:46856-46874. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.16776

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Abstract

Hiroaki Taniguchi1, Daisuke Hoshino2, Chiharu Moriya1, Hitoshi Zembutsu3, Nobuhiro Nishiyama4, Hiroyuki Yamamoto5, Kazunori Kataoka6 and Kohzoh Imai1,7

1The Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan

2Cancer Biology Department, The Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Kanagawa 241-0815, Japan

3Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan

4Polymer Chemistry Division, Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan

5Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, St. Marianna Medical University, Kanagawa 216-0015, Japan

6Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan

7The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan

Correspondence to:

Hiroaki Taniguchi, email: [email protected]

Keywords: breast cancer stem cell, cancer stemness, epigenetic alterations, nucleic acid medicine, PRDM14

Received: November 11, 2016     Accepted: March 22, 2017     Published: April 01, 2017

ABSTRACT

PR domain zinc finger protein 14 (PRDM14) maintains stemness in embryonic stem cells via epigenetic mechanisms. Although PRDM14 is elevated in several cancers, it is unclear if and how PRDM14 confers stem cell-like properties and epigenetic changes to cancer cells. Here, we examined the phenotypic characteristics and epigenetic and gene expression profiles of cancer cells that differentially express PRDM14, and assessed the potential of PRDM14-targeted cancer therapy. PRDM14 expression was markedly increased in many different cancer types and correlated with poor survival of breast cancer patients. PRDM14 conferred stem cell-like phenotypes to cancer cells and regulated the expression of genes involved in cancer stemness, metastasis, and chemoresistance. PRDM14 also reduced the methylation of proto-oncogene and stemness gene promoters and PRDM14-binding regions were primarily occupied by histone H3 Lys-4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), both of which are positively correlated with gene expression. Moreover, strong PRDM14 binding sites coincided with promoters containing both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 histone marks. Using calcium phosphate hybrid micelles as an RNAi delivery system, silencing of PRDM14 expression by chimera RNAi reduced tumor size and metastasis in vivo without causing adverse effects. Conditional loss of PRDM14 function also improved survival of MMTV-Wnt-1 transgenic mice, a spontaneous model of murine breast cancer. Our findings suggest that PRDM14 inhibition may be an effective and novel therapy for cancer stem cells.


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